法官職責英語
A. 法官職責
法官的職責:
(一)依法參加合議庭審判或者獨任審判案件;
(二)法律規定的其他職責。內
審判案件是指法官容依照法律的規定,通過對案件的審理,以查明案件事實,並適用法律以作出判決的活動。
法官除了依法參加合議庭審判案件或者獨任審判案件以外,還必須依法審查起訴以決定是否立案;依法裁定予以減刑、假釋;依法裁定採取訴前保全或者先予執行措施;依法裁定採取訴訟保全措施;依法對妨害訴訟者決定給予強制措施;依法解決下級法院之間管轄權爭議;依法指導下級法院工作;依法向有關單位提出司法建議等;同時必須辦理下列事項:(一)處理不需要開庭審理的民事糾紛和輕微的刑事案件;(二)指導人民調解委員會的工作。
這個真的可以網路一下,呵呵~~~~
B. 有沒有人能簡單介紹一下美國的法官制度啊(要英文版的)
An administrative law judge (ALJ) in the United States is an official who presides at an administrative trial-type hearing to resolve a dispute between a government agency and someone affected by a decision of that agency. The ALJ is the initial trier of fact and decision maker. ALJ's can administer oaths, take testimony, rule on questions of evidence, and make factual and legal determinations.[1] The proceeding involved with the ALJ may be similar to a summary judgment.
Procere for reviewing an ALJ's decision varies depending upon the agency. Agencies generally have an internal appellate body, with some agencies having a Cabinet secretary deciding the final internal appeals. Moreover, after the internal agency appeals have been exhausted, a party may have the right to file an appeal in the courts. Relevant statutes usually require a party to exhaust all administrative appeals before they are allowed to sue an agency in court.
Federal ALJ's are appointed under the Administrative Procere Act (APA). Their appointments are non-political and based on scores achieved in a comprehensive testing procere. Federal ALJs are the only merit-based judicial corps in the United States.
The APA is designed to guarantee the independence of ALJs. They have absolute immunity from liability for their judicial acts and are triers of fact "insulated from political influence." Federal administrative law judges are not responsible to, or subject to the supervision or direction of employees or agents of the federal agency engaged in the performance of investigative or prosecution functions for the agency. Agency officials may not interfere with their decision making and administrative law judges may be discharged only for good cause established and determined after a hearing on the record. [2]
Only, ALJ's receive these protections. Some agencies conct hearings before indivials referred to as "hearing officers" or "trial examiners." These indivials may perform functions similar to those of ALJ's, but they are not protected by the APA.
In American administrative law, ALJs are Article I judges, and are not Article III judges under the U.S. Constitution. Unlike Article III judges, Article I judges are not confirmed by the Senate. However, the United States Supreme Court has recognized that the role of a federal administrative law judge is "functionally comparable" to that of an Article III judge. An ALJs powers are often, if not generally, comparable to those of a trial judge: He may issue subpoenas, rule on proffers of evidence, regulate the course of the hearing, and make or recommend decisions. The process of agency adjudication is currently structured so as to assure that the hearing examiner exercises his independent judgment on the evidence before him, free from pressures by the parties or other officials within the agency." [3]
Most U.S. states have a statute modeled after the APA or somewhat similar to it. In some states, like New Jersey, the state law is also known as the Administrative Procere Act.
Unlike Federal ALJs, whose powers are guaranteed by the APA federal statute, state ALJs have widely varying power and prestige. In some state law contexts, ALJs have almost no power; their decisions are accorded practically no deference and become, in effect, recommendations. In some agencies, ALJs dress like lawyers in business suits, share offices, and hold hearings in ordinary conference rooms. In other agencies (particularly the Division of Workers' Compensation of the California Department of Instrial Relations), ALJs wear robes like Article III judges, insist on being called "Honorable" and "Your Honor," work in private chambers, hold hearings in special "hearing rooms" that look like little courtrooms, and have court clerks who swear in witnesses.
There are three nationwide professional organizations for ALJs: the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary (note that there is no "the" in the NAALJ's name), the Federal Administrative Law Judges Conference, and the Association of Administrative Law Judges.
C. 英語單詞:法官;審判員。
judge Inquisitor
D. 超急!高分!模擬法庭程序,法官作用和用語,英語高手來……
建議去看一下 boston legal
每一集裡面都有法庭,法官。這樣你可以更直觀的了解庭審程序和法官作用
E. 法官用英語怎麼說
法官——bands,deemster,gownsman,judge(美,英),judiciary,justicer,law-officer 較常用,美英都可。其他都太正式,可能法律公文中會用吧
F. 法官的具體職責!
根據《中華人民共和國法官法》
第五條法官的職責:
(一)依法參加合議庭審判或者獨任審判案件;
(二)法律規定的其他職責。
第七條法官應當履行下列義務:
(一)嚴格遵守憲法和法律;
(二)審判案件必須以事實為根據,以法律為准繩,秉公辦案,不得徇私枉法;
(三)依法保障訴訟參與人的訴訟權利;
(四)維護國家利益、公共利益,維護自然人、法人和其他組織的合法權益;
(五)清正廉明,忠於職守,遵守紀律,恪守職業道德;
(六)保守國家秘密和審判工作秘密;
(七)接受法律監督和人民群眾監督。
(6)法官職責英語擴展閱讀
法官的條件
第九條擔任法官必須具備下列條件:
(一)具有中華人民共和國國籍;
(二)年滿二十三歲;
(三)擁護中華人民共和國憲法;
(四)有良好的政治、業務素質和良好的品行;
(五)身體健康;
(六)高等院校法律專業本科畢業或者高等院校非法律專業本科畢業具有法律專業知識,從事法律工作滿二年,其中擔任高級人民法院、最高人民法院法官,應當從事法律工作滿三年;獲得法律專業碩士學位、博士學位或者非法律專業碩士學位、博士學位具有法律專業知識,從事法律工作滿一年,其中擔任高級人民法院、最高人民法院法官,應當從事法律工作滿二年。
G. 法官的職責和義務
法律分析:法官的職責是:1、依法參加合議庭審判或者獨任審判案件;2、法律規定的其他職責。法官的義務是:1、嚴格遵守憲法和法律;2、審判案件必須以事實為根據,以法律為准繩,秉公辦案;3、依法保障訴訟參與人的訴訟權利;4、維護國家利益、公共利益;5、保守國家秘密和審判工作秘密;6、接受法律監督和人民群眾監督。法官的任職要求是:1、具有中華人民共和國國籍;2、年滿23歲;3、擁護中華人民共和國憲法;4、有良好的政治、業務素質和良好的品行;5、身體健康;6、具有法學專業知識,從事法律工作滿二年。
法律依據:《中華人民共和國法官法》
第五條 法官的職責:
(一)依法參加合議庭審判或者獨任審判案件;
(二)法律規定的其他職責。
第七條 法官應當履行下列義務:
(一)嚴格遵守憲法和法律;
(二)審判案件必須以事實為根據,以法律為准繩,秉公辦案,不得徇私枉法;
(三)依法保障訴訟參與人的訴訟權利;
(四)維護國家利益、公共利益,維護自然人、法人和其他組織的合法權益;
(五)清正廉明,忠於職守,遵守紀律,恪守職業道德;
(六)保守國家秘密和審判工作秘密;
(七)接受法律監督和人民群眾監督。
H. 法官的英語翻譯 法官用英語怎麼說
法官
[法] judge更多釋義>>
[網路短語]
法官專Judge;judge;chancellor
治安屬法官justice of the peace;magistrate;police magistrate
軍法官the judge advocate;judge advocate;Staff Judge Advocate
I. 法官的職責
法官的職責是:1、依法參加合議庭審判或者獨任審判案件;2、法律規定的其他職責。法官是在司法機構中審判人員的通稱,司法權的執行者,在中國大陸法官是依法行使審判權的審判人員,包括最高人民法院、地方各級人民法院和軍事法院等專門人民法院的院長、副院長、審判委員會委員、庭長、副庭長、審判員和助理審判員。
【法律分析】
在庭審中,法官的基本職責首先是查清案件事實,司法上稱之為事實審,其基本原則是「以事實為依據」。這一職責要求法官必須當庭充分聽取雙方當事人的發言,根據庭外的調查取證和庭審雙方當事人的陳述,查清與案件有關的每一個事實和情節,盡可能地恢復案件事實,訴訟活動中的直接言詞原則即體現在此。審判活動即使審和判的活動,審理是裁判的前提,審判中查清案件事實是審判活動的一個關鍵環節,因此查清案件事實也就是法官的首要職責。其次,法官的基本職責是正確適用法律。司法上稱之為法律審,其基本原則是「以法律為准繩」。在案件事實查清楚的基礎上,運用自己的法律專業知識,判斷案件應該適用的法律。在這個過程中法官應該是獨立的,他作為裁判的標准只能是案件事實,而不能受任何其他因素的干擾。也就是說,法官在裁判的過程中每個環節都要受到法律的支配,嚴格依法判決。一個判決是否合法、公正,很大程度上取決於司法審判人員是否嚴格執行法律程序,是否針對特定的客觀的事實而正確地援引並解釋法律。最後,法官必須依靠案件事實和相應的法律規范作出合理判決。選定要適用的法律之後,其適用程度必須恰當。在刑法中稱為量刑。定罪是前提,在一種罪名下選擇適當的量刑幅度一般需要依靠法官行使自由裁量權,這個環節要求法官不偏不倚地作出合理的判決。
【法律依據】
《中華人民共和國法官法》
第一條 為了全面推進高素質法官隊伍建設,加強對法官的管理和監督,維護法官合法權益,保障人民法院依法獨立行使審判權,保障法官依法履行職責,保障司法公正,根據憲法,制定本法。
第二條 法官是依法行使國家審判權的審判人員,包括最高人民法院、地方各級人民法院和軍事法院等專門人民法院的院長、副院長、審判委員會委員、庭長、副庭長和審判員。