道德经四十

『壹』 道德经四十章感人故事

道德来经讲的是人与自然和谐永生的源方法。我读了一遍又一遍道德经，我突然发现，道德经可能是上一代地球文明或者宇宙高级智慧文明写给人类发展的指导书。像小国寡民（人口限制），像水（顺应规律），无知无欲（不加控制的滥用知识，人性的私欲膨胀，破坏人生存的环境），不自生（友爱互助谦虚尊重），挫其锐，解其纷，和其光，同其尘，湛兮似或存。（对宇宙或者黑洞中心，象形化的阐述）。不如守中（和谐中庸）。无为（不违背规律）。等等，感觉不是远古蒙昧的人类先祖所能阐释的。这可能也跟老子是图书馆馆长有关，他看到的古籍和图像可能非常古老，山海经就是一例。

『贰』 老子道德经《第四十一章》的详细注解和翻译

第四十一章 不被人笑不为“道” 《道德经》第四十一章原文: 上士闻道勤而行之。中士闻道若存若亡。下士闻道大笑之。不笑不足以为道。故建言有之。明道若昧。进道若退。夷道若颣。上德若谷。大白若辱。广德若不足。建德若偷。质真若渝。大方无隅。大器晚成。大音希声。大象无形。道隐无名。夫唯道善贷且成。 我们先来看看什么叫做“士”?南怀瑾先生说，古代选拔人才十取其一，要么读书，要么做事，这个被取的人就称作“士”。范慎的《说文》解释曰:“事可事者为士”。可见，“士”应该是高于一般的“民”的(当然，春秋中期前的民被称为“小人”)，应是属于智慧型的一类人。但“智慧”也是有高低的。所以，这类有智慧的人又分作“上士”、“中士”、“下士”。“上士”是有较高智慧的人，“中士”是有一般智慧的人，“下士”是更低一等智慧的人。因为智慧不同，所以他们对“道”的了解也不同:“道德”品行高一点，听到“大道”便会积极行动，身体力行，努力按照“道”的要求去做，“上士闻道勤而行之”;中等智慧的人听到了“道”，便会将信将疑，若有若无，受到鞭策，他便动一下，一旦鞭子放下来，他又呆在了那里;那些较低等智慧的“下士”们，听到了“道”，就会认为它空洞迂腐，甚至加以嘲笑，就好像我们今天拾到一份钱交给警察叔叔一样，“下士”们的嘴里肯定会发出“呵呵”的阴阳怪气。这些“有事可事”的“士”们尚且笑得如此，那些“无事可事”的“小人”们不更得把鼻子笑歪了吗?其实，我个人认为，“小人”们的笑远比那些“下士”们的笑来得更可爱、更单纯。孔子周游列国，没有一个国家能接受他的治国思想，然而最终儒家的思想却成为一代又一代的统治方略;曹雪芹的《红楼梦》起初被认为风月杂情、难登大雅之堂，然而最终却成了中国古典小说中的奇葩;梵高的画，生前几乎一文不值，今天却成为世界绘画中的最高峰。这些人在当时不也是被很多人“笑”吗?其实，在我们身边也有很多被笑的人或事:当你全身心投入你的事业或追求的时候，是不是也经常听到背后的“叽叽”声呢? 面对这些笑，最主要的是我们应该怎么办?是放弃自己的理想和追求，止住他们的笑，还是停下来和他们一起再去笑别人呢?这都不是真正的求道之士的做法。最好的做法就是:要笑随他笑，我自岿然不动。什么是“伟大”?伟大就是能否在他人的笑中能否坚守自己的伟大。爱因斯坦因沉迷于研究，披着一条毯子游走于校园而被人笑;毕加索因坚守自己印象派画法而穷困潦倒被人笑;王安石因读书废寝忘食，胡子上爬出虱子而被人笑……但他们无不走向了自己事业的高峰。我们是否可以换个说法:嘲笑往往是与伟大、崇高并行的，有目标、有追求、被嘲笑的人往往才是幸福的。也许，你家资巨亿、身缠万贯，可你真的认为你幸福吗?每当夜深人静的时候，你是否也听得到自己灵魂的叹息呢? 大道超凡脱俗，与众不同，但是它又来源于世俗，只不过我们这些庸俗的看不懂罢了。大家都知道安徒生的童话《皇帝的新装》，皇帝光着屁股趾高气昂的游行，多么明显的事实啊!可全城人除了孩子就是愣看不明白，这就叫“明道若昧”;哥白尼创建了“日心说”一样，他不仅遭到了教会的攻击和反对，甚至把他的拥趸布鲁诺给活活的烧死了。本来是先进的、能引导科学甚至是人类社会前进的“道”，可往往被那些俗人认为是低劣的、退步的东西，这就是“明道若退”;“道”是要经过时间和实践甚至是生命来检验的，那些“下士”们又怎么能得“道”呢?“道”本来是一条平坦顺畅的康庄大路，在那些“下士”们的眼里却是疙疙瘩瘩的，这就叫“夷道若颣”。对于这条“道”，他早就在自己的意识里挂上了此路不通的牌子，更谈不上孜孜以求了。上面那些如此看“道”的人，他能有所“德(得)”吗? 首先我们得再回过头来看看“德(得)”是什么?老子说，他像一条山谷，表面虽狭窄却能广纳万物，正如最纯的白，看上去像是灰灰的一样。说道这里，不由得想到了一位玩玉朋友的说过的话:最好的白玉，看上去像是灰灰的，但用灯光打上去，它却晶莹透亮，这种玉才是玉中的上品。“德(得)”也是如此，表面上狭窄低下，可它所包含的“用”却是无穷无尽的。“德(得)”看上去不足、不深厚，可它又是最博大、最充盈的。真如我们生活中所看到的越是有学识、有修养的人，他越是谦虚，甚至你给他讲一加二等于三这样的道理，他都表现出一副潜心求教的样子。坚定刚直的“德(得)”好像偷偷摸摸、苟苟且且的。如司马迁受宫刑之辱，苟且存活，但他却“德(得)”到了史学家们的顶礼膜拜。 “德(得)”看起来变化不断，可他却是最质朴纯正;它表面上看起来棱角分明，可他最会通融权变;“德(得)”就像木工做一件精美的大器物一样，它需要我们用一生的时间去追寻。然而，“德(得)”一旦养成，它就像我们对着山谷大声喊出的声音一样，即使渐行渐远，也余音袅袅，终生受用。“德(得)”是广阔无边的，正如最大的形状是没有形状一样，只要你不断地追寻，他就会不断扩充，使你的生命和灵魂变得越加的广阔。“德(得)”又像“道”一样渺小无名，甚至潜藏于草芥之间，不被人们认识、更不被人们认同，甚至还找来了“下士”们嘲笑。然而，唯有这样而“德(得)”的“道”才能善于辅佐万物、成就万物。所以说“上士闻道，勤而行之;勤而行之，善贷且成”。最后，扣一下题吧!我自求道你来笑，要笑随便笑。你若不笑，我又怎能称得“道”?哈哈，补上一笑。

『叁』 道德经英文版的31~40

Weapons of war are instruments of death.
All people fear them.
Therefore, all men of peace avoid them.
The sage prefers Infinity.
The man of war prefers the earth.
Weapons are instruments of death
and the tools of a warrior.
The sage avoids them at all cost;
and sometimes prefers death rather
than touching them.
Peace and harmony are the sage's reality.
She considers victory to be the bastard
child of war.
If you revel in victory,
then you sanction war and the killing of
human beings.
If you accept killing,
you have forgotten your oneness with all
beings.
In time of celebration the left is the dominant
position;
In times of grief the right.
During wartime the general always stands on the
left
and the king on the right.
If even one person is killed in war,
it is cause for great grief and mourning.
Victory is simply the maker of widows and orphans.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Infinity can never be defined in words.
Smaller than an atom, greater than forever,
it can never be comprehended.
If kings would stay centered in the Infinite,
they would not try to control the
uncontrollable;
Heaven and earth would be seen as a manifestation
of the oneness of Infinity,
as harmonious as dew accumulating on the
ground.
The people would recognize Infinity manifesting
in their king and all things would be
in harmony.
When the whole is distinguished into parts,
and parts into more parts
and more parts into even more parts
a myriad names are required.
There are already too many distinctions and
names.
The naming of things focuses on the manifestations
of Infinity
and too much distinguishing can result in one
becoming confused in the manifestations and
oblivious to
the oneness of all things.
Refuse to distinguish the components of the whole.
See the oneness of Infinity,
and see the earth as a manifestation
disintegrating back into Infinity.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Knowing others is impossible.
Knowing one's self requires only a remembering
of one's unity with all things.
Conquering others requires force.
Conquering one's self requires letting go.
He who understands his oneness with Infinity
resides in peace.
Living one day at a time is the essence of harmony.
One who lives in harmony enres.
Passing through death's door is immortality.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Infinity permeates everything in every direction;
to the left as well as to the right.
It is the potential of all things,
and the manifestation of all things.
Its total essence resides in all things.
It has no purpose.
It is complete in its indifference.
It manifests and disintegrates all things forever.
It sustains all things,
yet it is the god of no thing.
It has no purpose.
It is Infinitely insignificant.
All manifestations after a time disintegrate back
into It,
yet It is the god of no thing.
It permeates everything
and so there is nothing outside its realm.
It cannot appear great
because it is at one with everything.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All beings are drawn to those who stay centered
in their oneness with Infinity
because they flow in peace and
harmony.
The manifestations of music and delicious food
catch the attention of those passing by.
But the essence of Infinity goes unnoticed.
It makes no sound and has no flavor
and yet It is the inexhaustible source
of the manifestations of all sounds
and all flavors.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All manifestations that expand will eventually
shrink.
All manifestations that strengthen will eventually
weaken.
All manifestations that are lifted up will
eventually be
cast down.
Nothing can be received unless it is given.
This is called distinguishing the oneness of
Infinity.
Soft and weak forever disintegrate the hard and
strong.
Hard and strong forever disintegrate the soft and
weak.
This is called the nature of Infinity.
Fish are at one with water;
undistinguished by Infinity.
A nation and its weapons
cannot be distinguished.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Infinity is the essence of all things.
Without intention, It manifests all things.
If leaders and kings
remain focused on the oneness of Infinity,
nations will flow in peace and harmony.
If leaders and kings are compelled to act,
they should focus on Infinity
and refuse to manifest desire.
If there is no desire for action,
the world would flow in the peace and harmony
of the oneness of Infinity.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A good person is not focused on her goodness
because she is centered in oneness.
A confused person is focused on goodness
and consequently has difficulty obtaining it.
A person centered in oneness
flows with life and appears to do nothing;
yet because she is in harmony
with the oneness of Infinity
she leaves nothing undone.
A confused person is focused on achievements
and consequently never truly achieves
anything.
A caring person is caring all the time
and therefore leaves nothing unnurtured.
When the righteous person does something,
he leaves things in turmoil.
When a person of great discipline does something
and others do not follow,
he attempts to force them to conform to his
perception of reality.
When the oneness of humanity is forgotten,
a distinction is made between good and evil.
Focusing on goodness leads one down the
path of self-righteousness which
separates a person from others.
Self-righteousness leads to justice
and since justice is as arbitrary as
goodness
and righteousness, it degenerates into
a facade of justice or ritual.
Ritual is the backbone of religion
and religion is the harbinger of
judgment
and judgment is the backbone of
conflict.
Therefore, a centered person dwells upon the
oneness of Infinity and not on
distinguishing which leads to confusion;
on the plant and not on the flower.
A centered person embraces oneness
and rejects distinctions.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All things are at one with Infinity.
When humanity is centered in this oneness:
the sky remains clear and beautiful,
the earth remains pure and sustains life,
the spirit of humanity is in harmony,
the valley is the source of abundance,
all creatures reproce, regenerate and
replenish the earth,
leaders and kings are in harmony
and nations are at peace.
When humanity focuses on the manifestations of
Infinity,
distinguishes and judges all things
and thereby forgets the oneness of Infinity:
the sky becomes cloudy with pollution,
the earth becomes a cesspool
unable to easily neutralize the many
poisons,
the spirit of humanity becomes confused
and accepts conflict as the nature of
humanity,
the valley no longer proces abundance
and what it does proce is tainted.
Leaders and kings take their nations to war
in order to control the untainted
lands,
creatures no longer reproce, species die
out
and parts of the earth, unattended by
the myriad creatures, no longer
regenerate or replenish themselves,
the people of all nations live in conflict,
fear, hunger and depression.
Therefore, never forget that oneness is the
essence of harmony; the simple is the way of
peace.
Leaders and kings consider themselves, alone,
ridiculed
and misunderstood when they forget their
oneness with Infinity.
In confusion, they inevitably lead their nations to
war.
In order to maintain peace and harmony in the land,
they must flow in the peace and harmony
of the oneness of all things.
Too much success is a sign that one has
begun to focus on manifestations and
not on Infinity, the essence of all
manifestations.
Do not distinguish precious jade.
Remain centered in the peace and harmony
of the oneness of all things.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Manifesting and disintegrating is the
activity of Infinity.
Yielding to manifestations, yielding to
disintegration
is the nature of peace and harmony.
Things are manifested from the tangible.
The tangible is manifested from the intangible.

『肆』 道德经第40章里说天下万物生于有有生于无根据这句话请简析有与无的辩证关系

天下万物的存在是有名有形的,但有名有形的万物必定要以无名无形的"道"作为根源.无才是天下万物的本原.

『伍』 道德经中四十二章

《道德经》第四十二章曰：“道生一，一生二，二生三，三生万物，万物负阴而抱阳，冲气以为和。”由无名大道化生混沌元气，由元气化生阴阳二气，阴阳之相和，生天下万物。

『陆』 谁可以给我发一下道德经第39和40章

第三十九章
[原文]
昔之得一①者，天得一以清；地得一以宁；神得一以灵②；谷得一以盈，万物得一以生；候王得一以为天一正③。其致之也④，谓⑤天无以清⑥，将恐裂；地无以宁，将恐废⑦；神无以灵，将恐歇⑧；谷无以盈，将恐竭⑨；万物无以生，将恐灭；候王无以正⑩，将恐蹶⑾。故贵以贱为本，高以下为基。是以候王自称⑿孤、寡、不谷⒀。此非以贱为本邪？非乎？故至誉无誉⒁。是故不欲琭琭如玉⒂，珞珞如石⒃。
[译文]
往昔曾得到过道的：天得到道而清明；地得到道而宁静；神（人）得到道而英灵；河谷得到道而充盈；万物得到道而生长；侯王得到道而成为天下的首领。推而言之，天不得清明，恐怕要崩裂；地不得安宁，恐怕要震溃；人不能保持灵性，恐怕要灭绝；河谷不能保持流水，恐怕要干涸；万物不能保持生长，恐怕要消灭；侯王不能保持天下首领的地位，恐怕要倾覆。所以贵以贱为根本，高以下为基础，因此侯王们自称为“孤”、“寡”、“不谷”，这不就是以贱为根本吗？不是吗？所以最高的荣誉无须赞美称誉。不要求琭琭晶莹像宝玉，而宁愿珞珞坚硬像山石。

第四十章
[原文]
反者道之动①，弱者②道之用。天下万物生于有③，有生于无④。
[译文]
循环往复的运动变化，是道的运动，道的作用是微妙、柔弱的。天下的万物产生于看得见的有形质，有形质又产生于不可见的无形质。

『柒』 百思不解《道德经》第四十七章

不出户，知天抄下；不窥牖，见天道。其出弥远，其知弥少。是以圣人不行而知，不见而明，不为而成不出门户，就能够推知天下的事理；不望窗外，就可以认识日月星辰运行的自然规律。他向外奔逐得越远，他所知道的道理就越少。所以，有“道”的圣人不出行却能够推知事理，不窥见而能明了“天道”，不妄为而可以有所成就。

『捌』 道德经，第四十章是什么

四十章;反者道之动。弱者道之用。天下万物生於有，有生於无。内
要想了解道的存在就要从事容物的反面去观察它,道是以柔和谦下为作用而产生万物的[所以水的特性接近于道],天下万物始于一,一又是从空无为体的道中产生的.[有的反面既是无和第一句的反者道之动相合]

『玖』 《道德经》第四十章中的“反者道之动”是什么意思 是有“物极必反”的意思在里面吗

不同的理解吧.我认为反就是否定,也就是这里讲的是老子的否定观,与马克思的比较象,他也认为事物的发展要否定,是一种扬弃